本文发表在 rolia.net 枫下论坛Symphony No.5 is a 27-minute continuous piece consisting of three distinct parts: Adagio, Allegro and Adagio.
First movement: Adagio. The impressive introduction creates a sense of novelty and gives new and fresh feelings to the audience. It is because in a 1 -bar motif, in other words a very short phrase which is short but artistic and expressive, 12 violins play the same single note in unison (a traditional melodic style ) and 1 2 semitones separately ( a modern music style ) . The flexible and unexpected integration leads to flexible alternation of single notes and clusters of chords, change of forte and piano and unexpected alternation of pure melody and expanded chords. The music is sometimes gentle but sometimes shrill. Under this distinctive sound background, the solo cello plays a long melody line characterized by major seconds and tritones. This ‘indignant and oppressive string orchestra and dark cello monologue ‘(words of the composer) has precisely expressed feelings of yearning. The music is then extended progressively by viola and cello. Bars 44 is the completion of the first theme.
Another expressive and warm theme starts from bars 45. It enters without notice and develops with increasing layers. Regarding musical richness and musical intensity, almost 40 bars from bars 45 to 82 progressively turn to a fervid sound, and reach the first climax in the uninterrupted intensity. It suddenly calms down and stays in the high-pitch register. The profound requiem seems to float to the high sky. But the music goes straightly to the next vivid movement.
Second movement: Allegro. This movement starts from bars 83 to 325 including the climax in the last part of whole work. This movement, about three-fifths length of the whole piece, is the core part of the piece. It is like a very long ‘ development ‘ . The composer has fully elaborated to the largest potential of the characteristics and structure of his favorite long-breathed symphonic style so that this lengthened development section becomes a part for the real genius. The composer has laid out two textural layers, or in other words, two different textural systems: the underneath one functions as the rhythm background, which is characterized by the ‘string twisting ‘ accompany motif of the Pu opera, a Chinese regional opera. The extremely primitive and simple 4 -note ‘ atomic nucleus ‘ , having used repetitively as the core motif in regional operas, is fully developed by various western polyphonic techniques such as development, amplification, inversion, cannon, and scale contraposition to constitute a rich and clear background. But this is only the textural system for the rhythmic background. Given this background, a short melodic phrase, also originated from regional opera music, comes in bars 94 in a sad mood freely. Polyphonic techniques are used to amplify, develop and propel to construct a melodic layer of short phrases, which then expand in a large extent, from one voice (bars 94) to 12 voices (bars 300/323 ) and develop to another melodic textural system. These two textural systems are closely integrated mutually. The composer strives hard to offer the ultimate power to the music which gradually reaches the climax. The music is full of warrior sentiments to ‘ grieve the misfortunes and rectify the weaknesses ‘ , which suggests the qualities of grief, enthusiasm, sorrow and courage in a very fluent manner.
To analyze, this large-scale ‘ development ‘ can be divided into several stages, each stronger than the previous one. With a background of continuous pizzicato viola and cello, the violin section is divided into 4 groups which come in one after another, using polyphonic imitation technique: first on the same interval and then in augmented fifth and minor sixth, as well as augmented sixth and minor fifth, in 4 rounds in a radiation manner. The first round is played by one -part violin from bars 94 to 105 with a 2-part background; the second round is played by 2-part violin from bars 106 to 126, with a 3 -part background; the third round is a 3 -part canon from bars 126 to 169 playing a long melody with a 6-part background, which is the first stage of the development. From bars 179 to 229, a new rhythmic pattern is introduced by the opera bangu (Chinese wooden clappers), which is also developed 1 the 3-part canon. Its power enhances the energy and is regarded as the second stage of the development. From bars 230 to 271, it becomes atonal as contrast to the previous overlapping tonal music. The rhythmic pattern has changed, like the tons of complicated contradictions and exciting battles in our lives and societies. The music is beating and striking, storming and dashing, fighting and attacking. It develops from the 3 -part canon and begins the third stage. From bar 272 onwards, the fourth round starts with a 4-part polyphonic violin, and the rhythmic pattern of the background is at first in 3 parts and then in 4 parts and further develops into 5 parts. The fourth stage then begins. Bars 299 to 323 ‘ dashes ‘ to the most exciting climax of the piece: the violin is divided into 12 parts, viola into 4 parts, cello into 4 parts and double bass into 2 parts. All the 22 voices finally come out and then the music comes to the fifth stage. At this intensive moment, the rhythm suddenly changes: the bass plays the E note continuously in syncopation, all the violins and violas play the intensive 12-note chords extremely powerfully, like an indignant shout and reaches the most intensive climax in the piece.
Third movement, the epilogue: Adagio. The music suddenly falls to a very low mood, with in- tense pizzicato on the viola and cello and soft tremolo on muted violin playing 6 groups of tritone, the beginning of the work reappears briefly. The composer especially arranges a solo double bass as a response to the solo cello in the beginning, and enhances the feelings of yearning. But the CB solo here is not a simple response, but with sadness and wrath, which further intensify and enhance the theme of the whole piece.
Later, the whole orchestra, while the cello and double bass play a minor second of f and g flat continuously, the violin and viola play parallel 12-note chords in an intense and continuous fortissimo. This indicates the core theme of the work to appeal for the Lu Xun spirit! Afterwards, the music continues in diminuendo till it disappears. The epilogue sounds like the sadness and lament of the composer and influences the emotions of the audience. After the concert, the audience would ask themselves, why does the composer especially appeal for the Lu Xun spirit today? Why is there the intense, lament, angry but oppressive, almost explosive sound for three times in the last part of the work? Isn ‘ t that a strong appeal for the Lu Xun spirit as an ideal spirit?更多精彩文章及讨论,请光临枫下论坛 rolia.net
First movement: Adagio. The impressive introduction creates a sense of novelty and gives new and fresh feelings to the audience. It is because in a 1 -bar motif, in other words a very short phrase which is short but artistic and expressive, 12 violins play the same single note in unison (a traditional melodic style ) and 1 2 semitones separately ( a modern music style ) . The flexible and unexpected integration leads to flexible alternation of single notes and clusters of chords, change of forte and piano and unexpected alternation of pure melody and expanded chords. The music is sometimes gentle but sometimes shrill. Under this distinctive sound background, the solo cello plays a long melody line characterized by major seconds and tritones. This ‘indignant and oppressive string orchestra and dark cello monologue ‘(words of the composer) has precisely expressed feelings of yearning. The music is then extended progressively by viola and cello. Bars 44 is the completion of the first theme.
Another expressive and warm theme starts from bars 45. It enters without notice and develops with increasing layers. Regarding musical richness and musical intensity, almost 40 bars from bars 45 to 82 progressively turn to a fervid sound, and reach the first climax in the uninterrupted intensity. It suddenly calms down and stays in the high-pitch register. The profound requiem seems to float to the high sky. But the music goes straightly to the next vivid movement.
Second movement: Allegro. This movement starts from bars 83 to 325 including the climax in the last part of whole work. This movement, about three-fifths length of the whole piece, is the core part of the piece. It is like a very long ‘ development ‘ . The composer has fully elaborated to the largest potential of the characteristics and structure of his favorite long-breathed symphonic style so that this lengthened development section becomes a part for the real genius. The composer has laid out two textural layers, or in other words, two different textural systems: the underneath one functions as the rhythm background, which is characterized by the ‘string twisting ‘ accompany motif of the Pu opera, a Chinese regional opera. The extremely primitive and simple 4 -note ‘ atomic nucleus ‘ , having used repetitively as the core motif in regional operas, is fully developed by various western polyphonic techniques such as development, amplification, inversion, cannon, and scale contraposition to constitute a rich and clear background. But this is only the textural system for the rhythmic background. Given this background, a short melodic phrase, also originated from regional opera music, comes in bars 94 in a sad mood freely. Polyphonic techniques are used to amplify, develop and propel to construct a melodic layer of short phrases, which then expand in a large extent, from one voice (bars 94) to 12 voices (bars 300/323 ) and develop to another melodic textural system. These two textural systems are closely integrated mutually. The composer strives hard to offer the ultimate power to the music which gradually reaches the climax. The music is full of warrior sentiments to ‘ grieve the misfortunes and rectify the weaknesses ‘ , which suggests the qualities of grief, enthusiasm, sorrow and courage in a very fluent manner.
To analyze, this large-scale ‘ development ‘ can be divided into several stages, each stronger than the previous one. With a background of continuous pizzicato viola and cello, the violin section is divided into 4 groups which come in one after another, using polyphonic imitation technique: first on the same interval and then in augmented fifth and minor sixth, as well as augmented sixth and minor fifth, in 4 rounds in a radiation manner. The first round is played by one -part violin from bars 94 to 105 with a 2-part background; the second round is played by 2-part violin from bars 106 to 126, with a 3 -part background; the third round is a 3 -part canon from bars 126 to 169 playing a long melody with a 6-part background, which is the first stage of the development. From bars 179 to 229, a new rhythmic pattern is introduced by the opera bangu (Chinese wooden clappers), which is also developed 1 the 3-part canon. Its power enhances the energy and is regarded as the second stage of the development. From bars 230 to 271, it becomes atonal as contrast to the previous overlapping tonal music. The rhythmic pattern has changed, like the tons of complicated contradictions and exciting battles in our lives and societies. The music is beating and striking, storming and dashing, fighting and attacking. It develops from the 3 -part canon and begins the third stage. From bar 272 onwards, the fourth round starts with a 4-part polyphonic violin, and the rhythmic pattern of the background is at first in 3 parts and then in 4 parts and further develops into 5 parts. The fourth stage then begins. Bars 299 to 323 ‘ dashes ‘ to the most exciting climax of the piece: the violin is divided into 12 parts, viola into 4 parts, cello into 4 parts and double bass into 2 parts. All the 22 voices finally come out and then the music comes to the fifth stage. At this intensive moment, the rhythm suddenly changes: the bass plays the E note continuously in syncopation, all the violins and violas play the intensive 12-note chords extremely powerfully, like an indignant shout and reaches the most intensive climax in the piece.
Third movement, the epilogue: Adagio. The music suddenly falls to a very low mood, with in- tense pizzicato on the viola and cello and soft tremolo on muted violin playing 6 groups of tritone, the beginning of the work reappears briefly. The composer especially arranges a solo double bass as a response to the solo cello in the beginning, and enhances the feelings of yearning. But the CB solo here is not a simple response, but with sadness and wrath, which further intensify and enhance the theme of the whole piece.
Later, the whole orchestra, while the cello and double bass play a minor second of f and g flat continuously, the violin and viola play parallel 12-note chords in an intense and continuous fortissimo. This indicates the core theme of the work to appeal for the Lu Xun spirit! Afterwards, the music continues in diminuendo till it disappears. The epilogue sounds like the sadness and lament of the composer and influences the emotions of the audience. After the concert, the audience would ask themselves, why does the composer especially appeal for the Lu Xun spirit today? Why is there the intense, lament, angry but oppressive, almost explosive sound for three times in the last part of the work? Isn ‘ t that a strong appeal for the Lu Xun spirit as an ideal spirit?更多精彩文章及讨论,请光临枫下论坛 rolia.net